The optimum absorber thickness of 400 nm and 363 nm was shown for simulation and experimental, respectively, meanwhile, the optimum MoS2 thickness of 30 nm recorded in the simulation was agreed by an experimental thickness of 29 nm. The optimum absorber thickness, defect density, and optimum MoS2 thickness were theoretically evaluated and discussed by modeling the electrical characteristics of the cells using SCAPS-1D software, hence, the correlation of structural and morphologic tuning can be examined. Experimentally, it is established that the incorporation of MoS2 with 2 mg/ml concentration effectively acts as a barrier to ion migration and minimizes the shunt contact. In this study, experimental photovoltaic performance and numerical simulations are compared for perovskite solar cells devices with MoS2 hybrid hole transporting layer (HTL) structure. | Mechanical Engineering Department, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria Possible ways overcoming these challenges and improvement on the stability of PSCs so far were also addressed. In this review, we outlined and discussed the challenges of PSCs including its stability issues, hysteresis effects, and ion migration effects. A variety of processing techniques are currently employed to form the highest quality CH3NH3PbX3 films resulting to high performance PSC devices which include stoichiometry, thermal annealing, solvent engineering, additives and environmental control. The flexibility and simplicity of Perovskite fabrication methods allows the use of mesoporous and planar device architectures. We emphasized the importance of Perovskite film formation and qualities in achieving highly efficient photovoltaic devices. In this review article, we discuss the current state of the Art for photovoltaic devices based on Perovskites, highlighting the underlying phenomenon, synthesis, challenges, comparison to other technologies and future outlook. ![]() ![]() Due to the substantial improvement of Power Conversion Efficiency (PCE) of these materials, photovoltaic efficiency has reached prestigious position (approx. Owing to their solution processability, broad spectrum solar absorption, low non-radiative recombination losses, etc., PSCs provide numerous advantages over most thin film absorber materials. Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) though in its development stage, has been of interest to Scientists receiving considerable attention in recent years as a promising material capable of developing high performance photovoltaic devices at low cost. We have showed that the main contribution to improvement of solar cell efficiency comes with lowering ohmic resistivity of the cell as well as doping and defect concentration, because their concentration is proportional to recombination rate. The results of SCAPS-1D simulations estimated the theoretical power conversion efficiency of 15% for our material. The optimized parameters were absorber layer thickness, doping, defect concentration and the influence of the resistivity (the net effect of ohmic loss, Rs and the leakage current loss represented by the resistivity, Rshunt). The PSC performance, verified by short-circuit current density (Jsc), open-circuit voltage (Voc), fill factor (FF) and power conversion efficiency (PCE), was studied by optimization of the simulation parameters responsible for improvement of the cell operation. The analysis was based on an experimentally prepared solar cell with a power conversion efficiency of ~7%. The PSC with the architecture ITO/TiO2/perovskite/spiro-MeOTAD/Au was investigated, while the selected perovskite was mixed cation Rb0.05Cs0.1FA0.85PbI3. ![]() With the aim of decreasing the number of experiments to obtain a perovskite solar cell (PSC) with maximum theoretical efficiency, in this paper, PSC performance was studied using the program solar cell capacitance simulator (SCAPS-1D).
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